CNCA/CTS0016-2015 并網(wǎng)光伏電站性能檢測(cè)與質(zhì)量評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范
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CNCA/CTS0016-2015 并網(wǎng)光伏電站性能檢測(cè)與質(zhì)量評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范
CNCA/CTS0016-2015 并網(wǎng)光伏電站性能檢測(cè)與質(zhì)量評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范
文本預(yù)覽
ICS CQC
CQC/XNY-0010：2012
中國(guó)質(zhì)量認(rèn)證中心認(rèn)證技術(shù)規(guī)范
CNCA/CTS0016-2015
并網(wǎng)光伏電站性能檢測(cè)與質(zhì)量
評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范
Guideline of Performance Testing and Quality Assessment for Grid-connected PV
Power Plants
2015-xx-xx 發(fā)布 2015-xx-xx 實(shí)施
中 國(guó) 質(zhì) 量 認(rèn) 證 中 心 發(fā) 布CNCA/CTS0016-2015
目 錄
前 言...........................................................................................................................................................II
1 范圍.................................................................................................................................................3
2 規(guī)范性引用文件.............................................................................................................................3
3 術(shù)語和定義.....................................................................................................................................4
4 實(shí)時(shí)參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)、處理和存儲(chǔ).........................................................................................................6
4.1 采樣、存儲(chǔ)、報(bào)表..................................................................................................................................6
4.2 氣象環(huán)境參數(shù)..........................................................................................................................................6
4.3 電氣參數(shù)的檢測(cè)......................................................................................................................................7
4.3.1 直流電壓、電流和功率的監(jiān)測(cè)....................................................................................................7
4.3.2 交流電壓、電流和功率的監(jiān)測(cè)....................................................................................................7
4.3.3 電能質(zhì)量和功率因數(shù)的監(jiān)測(cè)........................................................................................................8
4.4 無效數(shù)據(jù)處理..........................................................................................................................................8
4.5測(cè)試基準(zhǔn)...................................................................................................................................................8
4.5.1 光伏組件功率基準(zhǔn).........................................................................................................................8
4.5.2積塵遮擋基準(zhǔn)........................................................................................................................................8
5 文件和資料收集.............................................................................................................................9
5.1 文件收集..................................................................................................................................................9
5.2運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集...........................................................................................................................................9
6 光伏電站總體性能評(píng)估.................................................................................................................9
6.1 一般要求..................................................................................................................................................9
6.2數(shù)據(jù)要求...................................................................................................................................................9
6.3 光伏電站能效比（PR）.......................................................................................................................10
6.4 光伏電站標(biāo)準(zhǔn)能效比PRstc.................................................................................................................10
7 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)規(guī)則...............................................................................................................................10
7.1抽樣原則.................................................................................................................................................10
7.1.1采用集中逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................10
7.1.2 采用組串逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................11
7.2 檢測(cè)基本條件和修正原則....................................................................................................................12
7.3 光強(qiáng)和結(jié)溫的測(cè)量和修正....................................................................................................................12
7.3.1光強(qiáng)的測(cè)量和修正..............................................................................................................................12
7.3.2 溫度的測(cè)量和修正.............................................................................................................................13
7.4 電流、電壓和功率的修正計(jì)算公式...................................................................................................13
8 光伏電站質(zhì)量檢查.......................................................................................................................14
8.1 一般要求................................................................................................................................................14
8.2實(shí)際安裝功率核查.................................................................................................................................14
8.3 光伏容量和逆變器容量配比核查.......................................................................................................14
8.4 光伏組件目測(cè)質(zhì)量核查........................................................................................................................14
8.5 支架安裝形式，支架材料，防腐蝕措施和質(zhì)量...............................................................................15
8.6 方陣基礎(chǔ)形式........................................................................................................................................16
8.7光伏陣列排列方式和安裝質(zhì)量.............................................................................................................16
8.8 直流電纜質(zhì)量........................................................................................................................................16
ICNCA/CTS0016-2015
8.8電纜鋪設(shè)質(zhì)量.........................................................................................................................................16
8.10 匯流箱的安裝位置、安裝質(zhì)量和功能.............................................................................................17
8.11 匯流箱內(nèi)正負(fù)極間的電氣間隙/爬電距離........................................................................................17
8.12 逆變器安裝集中度，機(jī)房的安裝位置，通風(fēng)條件和建設(shè)質(zhì)量.....................................................17
8.13 變壓器的類型、安裝位置和安裝質(zhì)量.............................................................................................17
8.14 防雷接地安裝方式和安裝質(zhì)量..........................................................................................................17
8.15 電站圍欄形式、高度和建設(shè)質(zhì)量..............................................................................................17
8.16 光伏方陣清洗方案和用水量..............................................................................................................17
8.17 環(huán)境評(píng)估..............................................................................................................................................17
8.18 標(biāo)識(shí)檢查..............................................................................................................................................18
9 光伏電站性能測(cè)試.......................................................................................................................18
9.2 光伏組件紅外（IR）掃描檢查............................................................................................................18
9.3 光伏系統(tǒng)污漬和灰塵遮擋損失............................................................................................................18
9.4 光伏陣列溫升損失................................................................................................................................19
9.5 光伏組件功率衰降................................................................................................................................20
9.6 光伏組件的電致發(fā)光（EL）檢測(cè)（可選）......................................................................................21
9.7 光伏系統(tǒng)串并聯(lián)失配損失....................................................................................................................21
9.7.2 組串內(nèi)光伏組件的串聯(lián)失配損失..............................................................................................21
9.7.3多個(gè)組串并聯(lián)的失配損失..................................................................................................................22
9.7.4 多個(gè)匯流箱并聯(lián)的失配損失......................................................................................................22
9.7.5 各組串到組串逆變器的并聯(lián)失配....................................................................................................22
9.8 直流線損................................................................................................................................................23
9.8.2 光伏組串到匯流箱的直流線損........................................................................................................23
9.8.3 匯流箱到逆變器的直流線損.............................................................................................................24
9.8.4 光伏組串到組串逆變器的直流線損................................................................................................25
9.9 光伏陣列之間遮擋損失........................................................................................................................26
9.10交流線損...............................................................................................................................................26
9.10.1 采用集中逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.10.2 采用組串逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.11 逆變器效率..........................................................................................................................................27
9.12 逆變器MPPT效率（可選）.............................................................................................................28
9.13 就地升壓變壓器效率..........................................................................................................................28
9.14光伏方陣絕緣性...................................................................................................................................30
9.15 接地連續(xù)性檢測(cè)..................................................................................................................................30
9.16 電網(wǎng)接入性能測(cè)試..............................................................................................................................31
9.16.2有功/無功功率控制能力..................................................................................................................32
9.16.3 防孤島...............................................................................................................................................32
9.16.4 低電壓穿越（輸電網(wǎng)接入時(shí)檢測(cè)，可選）..................................................................................32
9.16.5 電壓/頻率適應(yīng)能力驗(yàn)證（輸電網(wǎng)接入時(shí)檢測(cè)，可選）.............................................................32
10 檢測(cè)結(jié)果匯總...............................................................................................................................32
11 光伏電站性能檢測(cè)及質(zhì)量評(píng)估報(bào)告樣本...................................................................................34
附件1：光伏電站性能檢測(cè)和質(zhì)量評(píng)估檢查/測(cè)試流程..........................................................................35
附件2 光伏電站數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)格式..........................................................................................38
附件3 光伏電站基本信息表......................................................................................................................43
IICNCA/CTS0016-2015
前 言
為推動(dòng)我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展，合理設(shè)置并網(wǎng)光伏電站的監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，規(guī)范并網(wǎng)光伏電站技
CQC/XNY-0010：2012
中國(guó)質(zhì)量認(rèn)證中心認(rèn)證技術(shù)規(guī)范
CNCA/CTS0016-2015
并網(wǎng)光伏電站性能檢測(cè)與質(zhì)量
評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范
Guideline of Performance Testing and Quality Assessment for Grid-connected PV
Power Plants
2015-xx-xx 發(fā)布 2015-xx-xx 實(shí)施
中 國(guó) 質(zhì) 量 認(rèn) 證 中 心 發(fā) 布CNCA/CTS0016-2015
目 錄
前 言...........................................................................................................................................................II
1 范圍.................................................................................................................................................3
2 規(guī)范性引用文件.............................................................................................................................3
3 術(shù)語和定義.....................................................................................................................................4
4 實(shí)時(shí)參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)、處理和存儲(chǔ).........................................................................................................6
4.1 采樣、存儲(chǔ)、報(bào)表..................................................................................................................................6
4.2 氣象環(huán)境參數(shù)..........................................................................................................................................6
4.3 電氣參數(shù)的檢測(cè)......................................................................................................................................7
4.3.1 直流電壓、電流和功率的監(jiān)測(cè)....................................................................................................7
4.3.2 交流電壓、電流和功率的監(jiān)測(cè)....................................................................................................7
4.3.3 電能質(zhì)量和功率因數(shù)的監(jiān)測(cè)........................................................................................................8
4.4 無效數(shù)據(jù)處理..........................................................................................................................................8
4.5測(cè)試基準(zhǔn)...................................................................................................................................................8
4.5.1 光伏組件功率基準(zhǔn).........................................................................................................................8
4.5.2積塵遮擋基準(zhǔn)........................................................................................................................................8
5 文件和資料收集.............................................................................................................................9
5.1 文件收集..................................................................................................................................................9
5.2運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集...........................................................................................................................................9
6 光伏電站總體性能評(píng)估.................................................................................................................9
6.1 一般要求..................................................................................................................................................9
6.2數(shù)據(jù)要求...................................................................................................................................................9
6.3 光伏電站能效比（PR）.......................................................................................................................10
6.4 光伏電站標(biāo)準(zhǔn)能效比PRstc.................................................................................................................10
7 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)規(guī)則...............................................................................................................................10
7.1抽樣原則.................................................................................................................................................10
7.1.1采用集中逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................10
7.1.2 采用組串逆變器的光伏電站抽樣原則.............................................................................................11
7.2 檢測(cè)基本條件和修正原則....................................................................................................................12
7.3 光強(qiáng)和結(jié)溫的測(cè)量和修正....................................................................................................................12
7.3.1光強(qiáng)的測(cè)量和修正..............................................................................................................................12
7.3.2 溫度的測(cè)量和修正.............................................................................................................................13
7.4 電流、電壓和功率的修正計(jì)算公式...................................................................................................13
8 光伏電站質(zhì)量檢查.......................................................................................................................14
8.1 一般要求................................................................................................................................................14
8.2實(shí)際安裝功率核查.................................................................................................................................14
8.3 光伏容量和逆變器容量配比核查.......................................................................................................14
8.4 光伏組件目測(cè)質(zhì)量核查........................................................................................................................14
8.5 支架安裝形式，支架材料，防腐蝕措施和質(zhì)量...............................................................................15
8.6 方陣基礎(chǔ)形式........................................................................................................................................16
8.7光伏陣列排列方式和安裝質(zhì)量.............................................................................................................16
8.8 直流電纜質(zhì)量........................................................................................................................................16
ICNCA/CTS0016-2015
8.8電纜鋪設(shè)質(zhì)量.........................................................................................................................................16
8.10 匯流箱的安裝位置、安裝質(zhì)量和功能.............................................................................................17
8.11 匯流箱內(nèi)正負(fù)極間的電氣間隙/爬電距離........................................................................................17
8.12 逆變器安裝集中度，機(jī)房的安裝位置，通風(fēng)條件和建設(shè)質(zhì)量.....................................................17
8.13 變壓器的類型、安裝位置和安裝質(zhì)量.............................................................................................17
8.14 防雷接地安裝方式和安裝質(zhì)量..........................................................................................................17
8.15 電站圍欄形式、高度和建設(shè)質(zhì)量..............................................................................................17
8.16 光伏方陣清洗方案和用水量..............................................................................................................17
8.17 環(huán)境評(píng)估..............................................................................................................................................17
8.18 標(biāo)識(shí)檢查..............................................................................................................................................18
9 光伏電站性能測(cè)試.......................................................................................................................18
9.2 光伏組件紅外（IR）掃描檢查............................................................................................................18
9.3 光伏系統(tǒng)污漬和灰塵遮擋損失............................................................................................................18
9.4 光伏陣列溫升損失................................................................................................................................19
9.5 光伏組件功率衰降................................................................................................................................20
9.6 光伏組件的電致發(fā)光（EL）檢測(cè)（可選）......................................................................................21
9.7 光伏系統(tǒng)串并聯(lián)失配損失....................................................................................................................21
9.7.2 組串內(nèi)光伏組件的串聯(lián)失配損失..............................................................................................21
9.7.3多個(gè)組串并聯(lián)的失配損失..................................................................................................................22
9.7.4 多個(gè)匯流箱并聯(lián)的失配損失......................................................................................................22
9.7.5 各組串到組串逆變器的并聯(lián)失配....................................................................................................22
9.8 直流線損................................................................................................................................................23
9.8.2 光伏組串到匯流箱的直流線損........................................................................................................23
9.8.3 匯流箱到逆變器的直流線損.............................................................................................................24
9.8.4 光伏組串到組串逆變器的直流線損................................................................................................25
9.9 光伏陣列之間遮擋損失........................................................................................................................26
9.10交流線損...............................................................................................................................................26
9.10.1 采用集中逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.10.2 采用組串逆變器的交流線損........................................................................................................26
9.11 逆變器效率..........................................................................................................................................27
9.12 逆變器MPPT效率（可選）.............................................................................................................28
9.13 就地升壓變壓器效率..........................................................................................................................28
9.14光伏方陣絕緣性...................................................................................................................................30
9.15 接地連續(xù)性檢測(cè)..................................................................................................................................30
9.16 電網(wǎng)接入性能測(cè)試..............................................................................................................................31
9.16.2有功/無功功率控制能力..................................................................................................................32
9.16.3 防孤島...............................................................................................................................................32
9.16.4 低電壓穿越（輸電網(wǎng)接入時(shí)檢測(cè)，可選）..................................................................................32
9.16.5 電壓/頻率適應(yīng)能力驗(yàn)證（輸電網(wǎng)接入時(shí)檢測(cè)，可選）.............................................................32
10 檢測(cè)結(jié)果匯總...............................................................................................................................32
11 光伏電站性能檢測(cè)及質(zhì)量評(píng)估報(bào)告樣本...................................................................................34
附件1：光伏電站性能檢測(cè)和質(zhì)量評(píng)估檢查/測(cè)試流程..........................................................................35
附件2 光伏電站數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)格式..........................................................................................38
附件3 光伏電站基本信息表......................................................................................................................43
IICNCA/CTS0016-2015
前 言
為推動(dòng)我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展，合理設(shè)置并網(wǎng)光伏電站的監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，規(guī)范并網(wǎng)光伏電站技
